Should Holocaust Deniers Be Locked Up?
Do people like Ernst Zundel & David Irving deserve Free Speech?
Dear Nevermorons,
Back in 2017, Ernst Zundel died in Germany.
That name probably means very little to you unless you’re Canadian and have a good memory, but Ernst Zundel made headlines in Canada for many years. I was young at the time, but I remember his name because my dad was a reporter.
When Zundel died, Canadian media ran headlines calling him a “notorious neo-Nazi”.
On August 7th, 2017, the Globe and Mail reported:
Ernst Zundel, a "patriarch" of the white supremacist movement whose numerous legal battles played a role in overturning a Canadian law against publishing "false news," has died.
Zundel's wife, Ingrid Zundel, said her husband died Saturday at his home in Black Forest, Germany, where he was born. German officials later confirmed his death.
Zundel, who was 78, spent decades in Canada before eventually being extradited back to Germany, where he served five years in prison for Holocaust denial — a crime in that country.
Basically, this guy was a German immigrant to Canada who made the mistake of thinking that Canada had free speech. He published a pamphlet called Did Six Million Really Die? and wound up in some serious hot water.
Now, I want to give a disclaimer up front that I’ve never read anything that this guy has written. I don’t know if he was a neo-Nazi or not. I just know that he was persecuted by the Canadian state for blogging about history.
I had mostly forgotten about Ernst Zundel when a website called Montreal Counter-Info ran a hit piece basically accusing me of being a crypto-fascist. Basically, the authors were suggesting that it made sense that I would be a Nazi because I’m a Mennonite and Mennonites were “members of the Aryan racial elite”. Or something like that.
From the footnotes on that article, I learned that Zundel’s wife was a Russian Mennonite who fled Russia with her mother after her father was deported to Siberia. Her maiden name was Ingrid Rimland (later Ingrid Zundel).
Not only that, she was a critically-acclaimed author who wrote a novel called The Wanderers who recounts how she escaped war-torn Europe for Paraguay.
According to Wikipedia, she also tried to hunt down the infamous Dr. Mengele.
In her third book, Demon Doctor, Rimland recounts her quest to find Nazi war criminal Josef Mengele in the 1980s with the help of Simon Wiesenthal. She had believed that Mengele worked as a doctor in her Paraguayan Mennonite community of Volendam, but was unable to prove this.[5]
Anyway, all of this humanized Ingrid Rimland to me. Then I started wondering… why was her husband deported from Canada anyway? Did he kill anyone? Did he assault anyone? Was he involved with a neo-Nazi group that was shooting up synagogues or something? Did he harm anyone in any way? Or was he just saying words that someone powerful didn’t like?
Well, in the age of AI it’s easy to find these things out. Let’s ask our good ol’ pal Zephyrus.
CHAT GPT: In 1985, Zündel was charged under Section 181 of the Canadian Criminal Code for "spreading false news." The charge stemmed from his publication of the pamphlet Did Six Million Really Die?, which denied the Holocaust. This section of the law made it an offense to knowingly publish false information that could cause injury or mischief to the public interest.
Zündel was initially convicted and sentenced to 15 months in prison. However, the conviction was overturned on appeal due to procedural errors, leading to a retrial. In the second trial in 1988, he was again convicted and sentenced to nine months in prison. Zündel appealed this conviction to the Supreme Court of Canada.
In 1992, the Supreme Court ruled in R v Zündel that Section 181 of the Criminal Code violated the freedom of expression guaranteed by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. As a result, the law was struck down, and Zündel's conviction was overturned.
That wasn’t the end of his troubles, however. After September 11th, Canada passed something called the Anti-terrorism Act (Bill C-36), which gave the state new powers in the name of fighting Al-Qaeda and other such boogeymen.
One of those powers was to detain people under a “security certificate” which allowed people to be detained indefinitely without trial, and deported to their country of birth if they were non-citizens.
In 2003, Ernst Zundel was arrested at the border when he was returning from a trip to the U.S. He was held on a security certificate and subsequently deported to Germany, where he later served 5 years in prison.
In 2007, Ernst Zündel was convicted in Germany on 14 counts of inciting racial hatred and one count of violating the memory of the dead. He received the maximum sentence of five years in prison under Germany's Volksverhetzung law, which prohibits incitement to hatred against segments of the population and assaults on human dignity.
Zündel was released from prison on March 1, 2010, after serving his full sentence. Following his release, he returned to his hometown in the Black Forest region of Germany .
Ingrid was unable to join him in Germany, but they stayed married and she continued to support him until the day he died in August 2017. She died a few months later.
In 2022, Trudeau’s Liberal government passed a law which makes “condoning, denying or downplaying the Holocaust” a criminal offence.
Don’t believe me? Check out Section 319 (2.1) of Canada’s criminal code.
Obviously, this is hard proof that Canadians don’t have free speech. Plus, what does “downplaying” mean? Does asking questions count as “downplaying”? Are Canadians legally allowed to ask “Did Six Million Really Die?”
Note that it’s not illegal to exaggerate the Holocaust. So presumably, you’re allowed to say that Six BILLION Jews died in the Holocaust. But you’re asking for trouble if you suggest that it might have been a mere 5,999,999.
Like I said, I haven’t read Ernst Zundel and I don’t know that much about him. Maybe he did cavort with Nazis. But so what if he did? Did he kill anyone? Did he assault anyone? Did he do anything other than say words? Because here’s the thing - you’re either for free speech or you’re not. You don’t get to have it both ways.
All this brings me to today’s main event, which is a very interesting post by Tereza Coraggio, my fellow Graeberite and author of How to Dismantle An Empire.
Her article is about a British historian named David Irving who also got locked up for writing about the Holocaust.
Many of you are surely aware of Tereza’, whose blog is called Third Paradigm.
The Powers That Shouldn’t Be want you to think that there are only two possible paradigms when it comes to the history of World War II - the Establishment paradigm and the Nazi paradigm.
But Tereza shows that there is always a Third Paradigm.
Enjoy!
for the Wild,
Crow Qu’appelle
The Trials and Tribulations of David Irving
by Tereza Coraggio
In this video I’ll look at a history of David Irving, author of Hitler’s War and 30 other books that have sold millions of copies, making him perhaps, at 80, the most internationally read British historian of the last century. And bankrupted. And left in solitary confinement for a year, and barely escaping confinement for the rest of his life. I’ll be referenced Ron Unz, once again, in The Remarkable Historiography of David Irving and in Why Everything You Know About WWII is Wrong.
Why am I continuing to research the silenced historians of WWII when there’s so much exploding in flames all around us? The intrepid Ratio Bradbornius writes:
The world government thing was a long plan. In the US the Federal Reserve Act was followed by World War 1 and the league of nations. It failed. Then there was the great depression followed by the Hitler, the Nazis and World War 2. You guessed it, the United Nations was formed after they blew the fuck out of Japan with nuclear weapons.
By the way, they can’t fucking stop talking about WWII even though there have been countless wars and genocides since. That means WWII is one of the biggest psyops of all time because literally all the narratives that come out of it justify our current world.
I want to take a closer look at that. What is the overarching narrative of WWII? I would say it’s “People can’t be trusted.” Within each of us lurks a monster, a weak-willed conformist at best and a genocidal murderer at worst. Selfishness is human nature. Even when people seem perfectly reasonable, perfectly nice, it’s just a front.
Would it really be such bad news if this were not true? If it were, in fact, the reverse: people don’t need overlords to keep their ever-simmering hatred and violence in check. It’s the overlords who’ve told us we can’t trust each other. And then, to prove it, they funded leaders on both sides. And controlled both media. Wrote propaganda in both languages. Designed the revolution and the counter-revolution.
To challenge the existing narrative of WWII is considered anti-Semitic. But the existing narrative is anti-Germanic. If this narrative was not true, it would give Germans back their integrity as a people. Is that horrifying? Why can we not mention historical data that may incriminate some members of one race but can’t question the collective damnation of an entire other?
As a citizen of the United States, I see it as my responsibility to understand the truth about what’s done to other people ‘in my name.’ I think that those who identify as Jews have a responsibility to find out what really happened in WWII. It is not ‘Jewish activists’ who bomb a printer to prevent publication of a historical text, it’s Jewish terrorists. It’s not ‘Jewish activists’ who forced universities to fire historians or publishers to revoke book deals or venues to refuse speaking engagements. These are acts of intimidation. And the governments who imprison and fine authors aren’t protecting Jews from violence, they’re committing violence to protect secrecy.
Ron Unz describes Irving as:
… regularly deploying his remarkable command of the primary source documentary evidence to totally demolish my naive History 101 understanding of major historical events. It would hardly surprise me if the huge corpus of his writings eventually constitutes a central pillar upon which future historians seek to comprehend the catastrophically bloody middle years of our hugely destructive twentieth century even after most of our other chroniclers of that era are long forgotten.
Carefully reading a thousand-page reconstruction of the German side of the Second World War is obviously a daunting undertaking, and his remaining thirty-odd books would probably add at least another 10,000 pages to that Herculean task. ….
When confronted with astonishing claims that completely overturn an established historical narrative, considerable skepticism is warranted, and my own lack of specialized expertise in World War II history left me especially cautious. The documents Irving unearths seemingly portray a Winston Churchill so radically different from that of my naive understanding as to be almost unrecognizable, and this naturally raised the question of whether I could credit the accuracy of Irving’s evidence and his interpretation. All his material is massively footnoted, referencing copious documents in numerous official archives, but how could I possibly muster the time or energy to verify them?
Rather ironically, an extremely unfortunate turn of events seems to have fully resolved that crucial question.
Unz then writes how in the ‘80’s and ‘90’s, Jewish ‘activists’ had pressured Irving’s publishers to drop his books, disrupted his speaking tours, lobbied countries to deny him entrance, and labelled him a ‘Nazi’ and ‘Hitler-lover.’ This was sometimes “backed by considerable physical violence.” This succeeded in destroying his ability to reach an audience with his books.
Then Deborah Lipstadt attacked him in her 1993 book Denying the Holocaust, causing his publisher to rescind the contract for the major historical volume he was working on. In 1996, Irving sued Lipstadt and Penguin books for libel in the British court, where her book had since been published. It went to trial before a judge in 2000. Unz writes:
That legal battle was certainly a David-and-Goliath affair, with wealthy Jewish movie producers and corporate executives providing a huge war-chest of $13 million to Lipstadt’s side, allowing her to fund a veritable army of 40 researchers and legal experts, captained by one of Britain’s most successful Jewish divorce lawyers. By contrast, Irving, being an impecunious historian, was forced to defend himself without benefit of legal counsel.
… their lavishly-funded corps of researchers and fact-checkers … spent a year or more apparently performing a line-by-line and footnote-by-footnote review of everything Irving had ever published, seeking to locate every single historical error that could possibly cast him in a bad professional light. With almost limitless money and manpower, they even utilized the process of legal discovery to subpoena and read the thousands of pages in his bound personal diaries and correspondence, thereby hoping to find some evidence of his “wicked thoughts.” Denial, a 2016 Hollywood film co-written by Lipstadt, may provide a reasonable outline of the sequence of events as seen from her perspective.
Yet despite such massive financial and human resources, they apparently came up almost entirely empty, at least if Lipstadt’s triumphalist 2005 book History on Trial may be credited. Across four decades of research and writing, which had produced numerous controversial historical claims of the most astonishing nature, they only managed to find a couple of dozen rather minor alleged errors of fact or interpretation, most of these ambiguous or disputed. And the worst they discovered after reading every page of the many linear meters of Irving’s personal diaries was that he had once composed a short “racially insensitive” ditty for his infant daughter, a trivial item which they naturally then trumpeted as proof that he was a “racist.” Thus, they seemingly admitted that Irving’s enormous corpus of historical texts was perhaps 99.9% accurate.
I was curious as to what those ‘errors of fact or interpretation’ were so I looked up the trial on Wikipedia, so there could be no question of bias—at least in favor of Irving. It recounts that Lipstadt first encountered Irving when he showed up at her lecture with a handful of money offering $1000 to anyone who could find a written order from Hitler for the Holocaust. She ignored him and there were no takers.
Her book called him a Holocaust denier and falsifier, a bigot, and said he manipulated and distorted real documents. In American courts, the burden of proof is on the person suing to show that the statements are false and defamatory, and made with malice and reckless disregard for the truth. In British court, the burden of proof is on the defendant to show their statements are true. These claims were defined as follows:
that Irving is an apologist for and partisan of Hitler, who has resorted to the distortion of evidence; the manipulation and skewing of documents; the misrepresentation of data and the application of double standards to the evidence, in order to serve his own purpose of exonerating Hitler and portraying him as sympathetic towards the Jews;
that Irving is one of the most dangerous spokespersons for Holocaust denial, who has on numerous occasions denied that the Nazis embarked upon the deliberate planned extermination of Jews and has alleged that it is a Jewish deception that gas chambers were used by the Nazis at Auschwitz as a means of carrying out such extermination;
that Irving, in denying that the Holocaust happened, has misstated evidence; misquoted sources; falsified statistics; misconstrued information and bent historical evidence so that it conforms to his neo-fascist political agenda and ideological beliefs;
that Irving has allied himself with representatives of a variety of extremist and anti-Semitic groups and individuals and on one occasion agreed to participate in a conference at which representatives of terrorist organisations were due to speak;
that Irving, in breach of an agreement which he had made and without permission, removed and transported abroad certain microfiches of Goebbels's diaries, thereby exposing them to a real risk of damage;
that Irving is discredited as an historian.
On the question of Irving as a historian, Cambridge professor Richard Evans was the lead witness. He and two associates spent over two years combing through Irving’s work and concluded:
Not one of [Irving's] books, speeches or articles, not one paragraph, not one sentence in any of them, can be taken on trust as an accurate representation of its historical subject. All of them are completely worthless as history, because Irving cannot be trusted anywhere, in any of them, to give a reliable account of what he is talking or writing about. ... if we mean by historian someone who is concerned to discover the truth about the past, and to give as accurate a representation of it as possible, then Irving is not a historian.
What was the evidence that Irving distorted? Irving cites a 1942 memo by the Chief of the Reich Chancellery, where he said that Hitler wanted the “Jewish Question put on the back-burner” until after the war. Evans said Hitler may have said that but didn’t mean it literally. When Irving points to the many times Hitler and German officials talked about “resettlement in the East,” another witness “insisted quite firmly that the term "resettlement" was only a euphemism for extermination and nothing more.”
A third witness “countered Irving's argument that the lack of a written Führer order proves the alleged non-occurrence of the Holocaust by arguing that, although no such order was ever written down, Hitler had almost certainly made statements to his leading subordinates indicating his wishes in regards to the Jews of Europe during the war, thus rendering the need for a written order irrelevant.” (emphasis mine)
As Irving retorted, “it is a terrible problem, is it not, that we are faced with this tantalizing plate of crumbs and morsels of what should have provided the final smoking gun, and nowhere the whole way through the archives do we find even one item that we do not have to interpret or read between the lines of, but we do have in the same chain of evidence documents which... quite clearly specifically show Hitler intervening in the other sense?”
The judge’s ruling concluded: “Irving has for his own ideological reasons persistently and deliberately misrepresented and manipulated historical evidence; that for the same reasons he has portrayed Hitler in an unwarrantedly favourable light, principally in relation to his attitude towards and responsibility for the treatment of the Jews; that he is an active Holocaust denier; that he is anti-Semitic and racist, and that he associates with right-wing extremists who promote neo-Nazism ... therefore the defence of justification succeeds … It follows that there must be judgment for the Defendants.”
In 2005, C-Span did a Book Review of History on Trial, Deborah Lipstadt’s triumphant book that was later made into a movie. Lipstadt refused to allow C-Span to film her lectures, saying that would turn it into a debate. Instead they interviewed T.R. Reid from the Washington Post, who viewed Irving as pathetic:
“I don’t know why David Irving brought this suit, he was doomed to lose on day one. … If you look at the dynamic of British society there was no way in the world that Justice Gray, a senior respected member of the British bar, was going to say the Holocaust didn’t happen. It just wasn’t a winner from the beginning…. I don’t know that Irving cared. His life as a historian was wrecked already. … I felt from day one there was no way Irving could win this case. There’s no way that a British court would have said that this distinguished American professor is wrong in saying the Holocaust occurred and Hitler knew about it.”
Reid, who mentions several times the ‘proper’ attire of the wigged judge and barrister vs Irving representing himself in his one suit, gives an example of Irving’s cluelessness. At one point he brings up how Anne Frank’s Diary was written in a type of ink that didn’t exist in WWII. The barrister gets up in his powdered wig and says, “Really, my lord, really, I really do think this is becoming the most frightful waste of time.” And the judge says, “At least this time it’s relevant,” and they have a good laugh.
So the question of whether The Diary of Anne Frank is a forgery is ‘a frightful waste of time’, however Irving is a liar who distorts historical statements because he takes them literally rather than as euphemisms. That and a ‘racially insensitive ditty for an infant’ is the most damning evidence $13M could buy in examining over 10,000 pages, according to the ‘impartial’ Wikipedia.
As a result, although Lipstadt states she refused payment, Irving was charged with court costs between 1 and 2 million pounds and had to sell his home in central London and declare bankruptcy with his wife and disabled daughter. Four years later, on a quick trip to Austria, he was arrested for statements made 16 years earlier. Unz writes:
Initially, his arrest was kept secret and he was held completely incommunicado; for his family back in Britain, he seemed to have disappeared off the face of the earth, and they feared him dead. More than six weeks were to pass before he was allowed to communicate with either his wife or a lawyer, though he managed to provide word of his situation earlier through an intermediary.
And at the age of 67 he was eventually brought to trial in a foreign courtroom under very difficult circumstances and given a three-year prison sentence. An interview he gave to the BBC about his legal predicament resulted in possible additional charges, potentially carrying a further twenty-year sentence, which probably would have ensured that he died behind bars. Only the extremely good fortune of a successful appeal, partly on technical grounds, allowed him to depart the prison grounds after spending more than 400 days under incarceration, almost entirely in solitary confinement, and he escaped back to Britain.
His sudden, unexpected disappearance had inflicted huge financial hardships upon his family, and they lost their home, with most of his personal possessions being sold or destroyed, including the enormous historical archives he had spent a lifetime accumulating. He later recounted this gripping story in Banged Up, a slim book published in 2008, as well as in a video interview available on YouTube.
Some bullet points I derived from Unz:
In the three most famous accounts of WWII by General Eisenhower, Winston Churchill and General de Gaulle, totaling over 7000 pages, “one will find no mention either of Nazi “gas chambers,” a “genocide” of the Jews, or of “six million” Jewish victims of the war.”
For two decades after WWII, the word ‘Holocaust’ referred to nuclear holocaust and there was no public discussion of a genocide of European Jews.
“… during the Second World War itself, few mainstream individuals in the political or media worlds had apparently believed in the reality of the ongoing Holocaust, mostly regarding the widespread stories being promoted by Jewish activists and Allied governments as merely dishonest wartime propaganda.”
A 1961 book by Raul Hilberg, who had been a child when his family of Jewish refugees arrived in America at the beginning of the war, formed the modern understanding of the Holocaust and sparked numerous Holocaust memoirs, “though some of the most prominent turned out to be fraudulent.”
In 16 countries it’s now illegal to question the details of the Holocaust.
And I will conclude by saying that I’ve lost some respect for Max Blumenthal of The Greyzone after watching a video where he corners Irving in a church basement lecturing to a handful of people. After showing a quavering priest whimpering, “I didn’t know who he was when I rented to him,” he accosts Irving and says, “Are you a Holocaust denier?” When Irving says he doesn’t use that term, Blumenthal repeats, “But are you a Holocaust denier?”
‘Holocaust-denier’ is like anti-vaxxer, conspiracy theorist or ex-wife-beater. Rather than weighing the evidence for or against specifics, it puts the accused in an impossible position. They either are guilty as charged or they’re arguing for the other side—no, I’m not a holocaust denier, anti-vaxxer, conspiracy theorist or ex-wifebeater. “See, you agree with me that you beat your wife!” From the time this trial was framed, as Reid admits, there was literally no way in which Irving could win.
And here are the previous two: Unz, Corbett & the Unnecessary War:
James Corbett and Keith Knight give 10 lessons from Churchill, Hitler & the Unnecessary War by Pat Buchanan. Ron Unz covers the same in American Pravda: Understanding WWII, and talks about prominent historians 'disappeared' from history for writing about it. The real history is shocking!
I wasnt there so I can speculate that it did not happen and that it also did.. eitherway free allll speech.
Thank you for posting this, Crow, and just in time for my compilation post on WW2ruth Liberation Day, as I'm calling May 8th! So this is why I'm seeing a resurgence in 'likes' on this post and on the comment thread, which has so many astute commenters. I recommend it for further information, I learn so much from my readers! And you, Crow!